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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Patho Concept Map 2, disruption of Ca and bone metabolism where rate of bone resorption > rate of bone deposition due to hypersecretion of PTH (which causes release of Ca from bone), back pain related to being overweight, insulin resistance can cause decreased wound healing due to impaired endothelial layer and decreased perfusion, B.M. Female, 79 years old Primary diagnosis: Left ankle fracture related to osteoporosis Signs and Symptoms headache, high sodium and saturated fat diet leads to abdominal obesity, insulin deficiency can be treated with insulin administration, headache because of increased vascular resistance, atherosclerotic plaque formation leading to increased vascular resistance, insulin resistance can be a result of decreased or abnormal activation of postreceptor kinases, hypertension BP of 148/91 because of increased vascular resistance, insulin resistance can be treated with lifestyle and diet changes, hyperglycemia can be treated with administration of oral antidiabetic agents e.g. - insulin secretagogues - biguanides - alphaglucosidase - thiazolidinediones, high sodium and saturated fat diet leads to increased triglycerides and LDLs, decreased HDLs, FSH: 114.6 mlU/mL related to menopause = decreased estrogen levels, disruption of Ca and bone metabolism where rate of bone resorption > rate of bone deposition leads to loss of height over period of 5 years, lipid ingestion by leukocytes and foam cell formation on the intima of the blood vessel causing atherosclerotic plaque formation, back pain related to low bone mineral density, B.M. Female, 79 years old Primary diagnosis: Left ankle fracture related to osteoporosis Signs and Symptoms FSH: 114.6 mlU/mL, hypertension BP of 148/91 because of high sodium and saturated fat diet, insulin resistance can be a result of alteration of glucose transport proteins